Nina Simone Essay -- Eunice Kathleen Waymon

Eunice Kathleen Waymon conceived February 21, 1933. She was the 6th of eight youngsters destined to John - a performer turned family man - and Mary Kate - who turned into a congregation serve - a poor southern dark family that lived in Tryon, North Carolina. Her dad played piano, guitar, and harmonica; her mom played piano and sang. Her siblings and sisters all played piano and sang in the congregation ensemble, gospel gatherings, happiness clubs and get-togethers. She began learning music the common route by watching her family. The Waymon’s possessed a pedal organ, and when Eunice was tall enough to get on the stool and sit on the console, she had melodic ability. She was a kid wonder. By the age of 6, Eunice would play piano in chapel and different occasions where her mom lectured. Her mom additionally functioned as a servant for a white woman, Mrs. Mill operator. She heard Eunice playing for an ensemble and demanded that she needed to have legitimate piano exercises. Since her family couldn't bear the cost of exercises, Mrs. Mill operator would pay for Eunice to have piano exercises for a year and on the off chance that she indicated guarantee they would need to make sense of an approach to proceed with the exercises. Her coach, an English lady Mrs. Muriel Massinovitch, acquainted her with Bach. When she comprehended Bach’s music, she needed to commit her life to music. As a youngster, her greatest dream was to be a professional piano player. Following a time of exercises, Eunice demonstrated stunning potential. Since Mrs. Mill operator couldn't keep on paying for her exercises, Mrs. Massinovitch made the Eunice Waymon Fund and fund-raised by getting the town of Tryon engaged with standard presentations to grandstand Eunice’s ability. In the wake of graduating secondary school, Eunice got a grant to go to Julliard in New York for one year. Following a year in ... ...lina. After secondary school, she went to Juilliard School of Music for one year. She concentrated with Vladimir Sokhaloff, Hitched twice and had one girl, Lisa Celeste Stroud (AKA Simone Kelly) who followed in her mother’s melodic advances. In her later years, she turned into a world drifter and favored Europe to America. Her shows were wide gone from Philadelphia, Atlantic City, New York †including Carnegie Hall and Apollo Theater, Chicago, and Alabama †during the racial assaults; to Nigeria, Canada, London, France, Germany and Holland. She visited with Bill Cosby during the late 1960s and Richard Pryor opened for her shows when he was first beginning. The Nina Simone bequest has made the Eunice Waymon-Nina Simone commemoration venture to help both the short-and long haul instructive objectives of people on profession ways who need financial help. Nina Simone Essay - Eunice Kathleen Waymon Eunice Kathleen Waymon conceived February 21, 1933. She was the 6th of eight kids destined to John - a performer turned family man - and Mary Kate - who turned into a congregation serve - a poor southern dark family that lived in Tryon, North Carolina. Her dad played piano, guitar, and harmonica; her mom played piano and sang. Her siblings and sisters all played piano and sang in the congregation ensemble, gospel gatherings, joy clubs and get-togethers. She began learning music the normal path by watching her family. The Waymon’s claimed a pedal organ, and when Eunice was tall enough to get on the stool and sit on the console, she had melodic ability. She was a youngster wonder. By the age of 6, Eunice would play piano in chapel and different occasions where her mom lectured. Her mom additionally filled in as a servant for a white woman, Mrs. Mill operator. She heard Eunice playing for an ensemble and demanded that she needed to have appropriate piano exercises. Since her family couldn't manage the cost of exercises, Mrs. Mill operator would pay for Eunice to have piano exercises for a year and in the event that she indicated guarantee they would need to make sense of an approach to proceed with the exercises. Her mentor, an English lady Mrs. Muriel Massinovitch, acquainted her with Bach. When she comprehended Bach’s music, she needed to commit her life to music. As a kid, her greatest dream was to be a professional piano player. Following a time of exercises, Eunice indicated astonishing potential. Since Mrs. Mill operator couldn't keep on paying for her exercises, Mrs. Massinovitch made the Eunice Waymon Fund and fund-raised by getting the town of Tryon engaged with customary presentations to exhibit Eunice’s ability. Subsequent to graduating secondary school, Eunice got a grant to go to Julliard in New York for one year. Following a year in ... ...lina. After secondary school, she went to Juilliard School of Music for one year. She concentrated with Vladimir Sokhaloff, Hitched twice and had one little girl, Lisa Celeste Stroud (AKA Simone Kelly) who followed in her mother’s melodic advances. In her later years, she turned into a world drifter and favored Europe to America. Her shows were wide gone from Philadelphia, Atlantic City, New York †including Carnegie Hall and Apollo Theater, Chicago, and Alabama †during the racial assaults; to Nigeria, Canada, London, France, Germany and Holland. She visited with Bill Cosby during the late 1960s and Richard Pryor opened for her shows when he was first beginning. The Nina Simone domain has made the Eunice Waymon-Nina Simone remembrance venture to help both the short-and long haul instructive objectives of people on profession ways who need monetary help.

Opium War: Was Britain completely in the wrong? Essay

The British weren't right by taking the alternative of exchanging opium on the grounds that by exchanging opium, they would imperil the prosperity of a whole nation. Be that as it may, they just did it on the grounds that the Chinese were declining to exchange, so subsequently it is just somewhat Britains deficiency. The â€Å"Opium War† otherwise called the Anglo-Chinese war started in 1839. It began as a contention once again exchanging among Britain and China. China was declining to exchange since they didn’t need anything. In the long run the British had the option to exchange opium on the bootleg market. China did about everything to stop the opium being exchanged however nothing could stop it. This inevitably caused the war. Was Britain Completely off base? No. In spite of the fact that they were the ones that began the opium exchange, China is still halfway to fault. The accompanying focuses will be contended for the way that the two sides contributed nor were totally off-base:  · The presentation of exchanging opium by Britain  · The idiocy of the Chinese animating the British and making a decision about them to be terrible at war.  · And The eager arrangement made by the British In any case, right off the bat, the refusal for exchange and the pitiless guidelines that China put upon the British dealers. There was an interest for Chinese tea, silk and porcelain in the west, however there was hardly anything that the west could offer to exchange with China, in view of the basic explanation that they didn’t need anything and were declining to exchange for things they didn’t need. The Chinese didn’t acknowledge how hard they were making the circumstance. A British man, Lord William John Nappier was sent to China to attempt to broaden British exchanging interests. He was informed that he could just deliver himself to the Hong Merchants and that he could just live in Guangzhou during exchanging season. At the point when he wouldn't leave, Lu Kun, Governor of Guangzhou restricted all the purchasing and offering to the English and afterward requested all the withdrawal of all Chinese work from them. What were the British to do? The guidelines were excessively cruel and the British couldn’t exchange regardless of whatâ they attempted. In this circumstance, The Chinese were clearly in an inappropriate on the grounds that they didn’t consider the necessities of the British and they were to obstinate to exchange since they thought they were progressively unrivaled. Furthermore, Britain acquainted the opium with China since they came up short on decisions. Since China disregarded Britain’s proposition to exchange, Britain needed to locate some other way they could get the odds and ends that they required. They began to illicitly send out opium on the underground market, mindful of the results. The outcome was an across the board dependence all through China causing genuine social and monetary disturbance in China. England was without a doubt off base with this decision since nothing can make the exchanging of opium legitimate. The expense is excessively excruciating. In any case, it was China’s deficiency in the clench hand place that they didn’t need to set up exchanging with Britain. Thirdly, the ineptitude of the Chinese animating the British and making a decision about them to be miserable at battling caused them the loss of the war. The Chinese were uninformed, and they imagined that the British were terrible contrasted with them. Lin Zexu says, â€Å"Besides firearms, the brute officers don't have the foggiest idea how to utilize clench hand or swords†¦ Therefore, what is called their capacity can be controlled without difficulty.† Unfortunately Lin Zexu wasn't right about this. The underestimation of the British made the Chinese distraught in light of the fact that they weren’t sufficiently arranged and much chaotic. Their weapons were totally pointless against those of the British. Chinese urban communities were then caught and Chinese citizen’s troopers had to give up. Along these lines China’s ineptitude and terrible association abilities for this situation were to be faulted for the opium war and their misfortune. So China was, for this situation was off base. The last factor is the covetous settlement made by the British. When the Chinese had lost the war, they had no real option except to sign an arrangement composed by the British. Numerous outlandish discissions were made for the British including numerous shameful installments. China was totally dispirited and Britain was off base for making them sign such an unjustifiable settlement. They exploited China when they shouldn’t have. To finish up this contention, neither China nor Britain was totally off-base orâ right with every one of their choices. The two of them added to the war and along these lines it was both their issue. China’s refusal for exchange wasn't right since they were being childish and difficult and they weren’t thinking about the government assistance of others. England wasn't right in presenting opium since nothing can legitimize the exchanging of opium and it shouldn’t have even been a choice to exchange it. England was additionally off base by making a bargain in support of them since China was in a feeble position.

Book Riots Deals of the Day for August 13th, 2019

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How Many People Are Killed or Injured in Hunting Accidents

According to the International Hunter Education Association, in an average year, fewer than  1,000 people in the United States and Canada are accidentally shot by hunters, and of these, fewer than 75 are fatalities. In many cases, these fatalities are self-inflicted by hunters who trip, fall, or have other accidents that cause them to shoot themselves with their own weapons. Most of the other fatalities come in hunting parties, where one hunter shoots another accidentally. Firearm Fatalities in Hunting Fatality numbers have improved somewhat in recent years, thanks to extensive hunter education programs available in most states, but hunting does come with inherent dangers. Hunting fatalities due to firearms account for about 12% to 15% of all fatalities due to firearms nationally. Hunting proponents point out that the chances of a death due to a firearm accident of any kind are roughly the same as a death from falling out of a bed, chair, or another piece of furniture—about 1 in 4,888. If you compare pure numbers, roughly 20 times as many people die each year by accidental drowning than by accidents while hunting. These statistics are misleading, however, since far more people engage in recreational swimming than in  sports hunting with firearms. Overall accidental death statistics from the National Safety Council can provide some context. Of all accidental deaths:   1 out of every 114 is a motor vehicle crash1 out of every 370 is an intentional assault by a firearm1 out of 1,188 is an accidental drowning1 out of every  6,905 is an accidental firearms discharge1 out of every  161,856 is due to a lightning strike It must be noted, however, that a great many accidental deaths by firearms do not involve hunters. When shooting-related fatalities occur in hunting,  most of the victims are hunters, although  non-hunters are also sometimes killed or injured. It can be said that this is a sport that does pose some danger to an entire community, not just to the willing participants.   Hunting Accident Statistics A report published by American orthopedic surgeons Randall Loder and Neil Farren in 2014 showed that between 1993 and 2008, 35,970 firearm-related injuries involved in hunting were reported to U.S. hospitals or about 2,400 per year over the 15-year period of the study. Thats out of a total of 1,841,269 accidents involving firearms (about 123,000 per year). Hunters injured by firearms in this study were nearly all Caucasian (91.8%), young adult to middle-aged (ages 24–44), and male (91.8%), who came to small hospitals (65.9%) to be treated. They were most often shot (56%) but other injuries—fractures and lacerations from falling out of trees, etc.—made up the rest. The injuries were most common in the head and neck (46.9%), self-inflicted (85%), unintentional (99.4%), at a school or recreation center (37.1%), and with an overall mortality rate of 0.6% (about 144 per year). The mortality rate is lower than reported elsewhere because the study included all injuries reported with hunting accidents. Alcohol was an issue in only 1.5% of the cases. The most common type of injury was a laceration (37%), not a puncture wound (15.4%). It will come as no surprise that most of the injuries occurred during the deer hunting months of October, November, and December. The study found that the estimated incidence of a firearm injury associated with hunting activities is 9 in 1 million hunting days. Hunting-Related Accidents in Context In reality, most of the greatest dangers to hunters  are  not related to firearms but occur for other reasons, such as car accidents traveling to and from hunting sites or heart attacks while hiking woods and hills. Particularly dangerous  is falling from tree stands. Recent estimates say there are almost 6,000 hunting accidents to hunters each year involving falls from tree stands—six times as many as are wounded by firearms. A recent survey in the state of Indiana found that 55% of all hunting-related accidents in that state were related to tree stands. The vast majority of fatal accidental shootings while hunting involve the use of shotguns or rifles while hunting deer. Deer hunting is one of the most popular forms of hunting where high-powered firearms are used. The Committee to Abolish Sport Hunting maintains the Hunting Accidents Center, which collects news stories about hunting accidents throughout the world. Although the list is long, its not comprehensive, and not every hunting accident is reported in the news. Sources Barber, C, et al. Underestimates of Unintentional Firearm Fatalities: Comparing Supplementary Homicide Report Data with the National Vital Statistics System. Injury Prevention 8.3 (2002): 252–56. Print.Carter, Gary L. Accidental Firearms Fatalities and Injuries among Recreational Hunters. Annals of Emergency Medicine 18.4 (1989): 406–09. Print.Greninger, Howard. Falls from tree stands top hunting accidents. Terre Haute Tribune Star, November 11, 2014.Incident Reports. Responsible Hunting, International Hunter Education Association.  Loder, Randall T., and Neil Farren. Injuries from Firearms in Hunting Activities. Injury 45.8 (2014): 1207–14. Print.Reports of hunting accidents for the current year. Hunting Accidents Center, Committee to Abolish Sports Hunting.  What Are the Odds of Dying From... At Work: Tools and Resources. National Safety Council.

Math Sl Fish Production - 1358 Words

FISH PRODUCTION - MODELING The aim of this investigation is to consider commercial fishing in a particular country in two different environments, that is from the sea and a fish farm (aquaculture). The following data provided below was taken form the UN Statistics Division Common Database. The tables gives the total mass of fish caught in the sea, in thousands of tones (1 tone = 1000 kilograms). Year | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | Total Mass | 426.8 | 470.2 | 503.4 | 557.3 | 564.7 | 575.4 | 579.8 | 624.7 | 669.9 | Year | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | Total Mass | 450.5 | 379.0 | 356.9 | 447.5 | 548.8 | 589.8 | 634.0 | 527.8 | 459.1 | Year |†¦show more content†¦The principle axis is midway between the maximum and minimum, so d≈634.0+356.92≈495.45. So, the model is M≈138.75sin2Ï€9x-c+495.45 for some constant c. We can notice that the point A on the original graph, graph1, lies on the principles axis and so it is a point at which we are starting a new period. Since A is at (1989,450.5), c = 1989. The model is therefore M≈138.75sin2Ï€9x-1989+495.45 and we can superimpose it on the original data as follows. Graph5. Sin model The graph shows what happens when we fit the original graph , Graph4. with its model graph. The slopes of the two graphs are presented to be nearly equal at certain points. The model presents decreasing and increasing values. Points shown from year 1989 – 1991, 1995 – 1997, 1999 – 2000, 2002 – 2003, 2004 -2005 are decreasing, as for the rest of the years are increasing. The following table below presents the total mass of fish that were raised form the fish farm, in thousands of tones. Year | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | Total Mass | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 4.1 | Year | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | Total Mass | 4.4 | 5.8 | 7.8 | 9.1 | 12.4 | 16.0 | 21.6 | 33.2 | 45.5 | Year | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001Show MoreRelatedMath Sl Fish Production1370 Words   |  6 PagesFISH PRODUCTION - MODELING The aim of this investigation is to consider commercial fishing in a particular country in two different environments, that is from the sea and a fish farm (aquaculture). The following data provided below was taken form the UN Statistics Division Common Database. The tables gives the total mass of fish caught in the sea, in thousands of tones (1 tone = 1000 kilograms). Year | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | Total Mass | 426.8 |Read MoreHow to Develop Sri Lankas Fishing Industry Essay examples3399 Words   |  14 Pagesspecially Northern, Eastern and North Central area and production also have gone down. 3. At present fisheries has become one of the foremost money earning ventures all over the world. Because presently modern technology is widely used in fishing industry, also much progress has been made in this field, due to rapid development of the society and the increasing of population. But still Sri Lanka could not achieve required level of productions and also unable to meet the present market comparativelyRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesManagement, Thirteenth Edition Jacobs and Whybark, Why ERP? First Edition Larson and Gray, Project Management: The Managerial Process, Fifth Edition Leenders, Johnson, Flynn, and Fearon, Purchasing and Supply Management, Thirteenth Edition Nahmias, Production and Operations Analysis, Sixth Edition Olson, Introduction to Information Systems Project Management, Second Edition Schroeder, Goldstein, Rungtusanatham, Operations Management: Contemporary Concepts and Cases, Fifth Edition Seppanen, Kumar,

Following Lincolns death (), Radical Republicans took...

Following Lincolns death (?), Radical Republicans took control of Congress and attempted to create a social and constitutional revolution. To do so, they amended the Constitution and imposed the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments. Although the purpose of these amendments was to create black equality, the South resisted acceptance of these changes so that this could not be possible. In turn, there really were not any social developments even though the constitution had been changed. Lincoln was a moderate Republican and had argued for black suffrage. However, the issue was complicated because of the debate on whether the federal government has the right to interfere (?) with the suffrage that the Founding Fathers had directed at the sates†¦show more content†¦The South did all that it could to suppress and terrorize blacks. The idea was to demonstrate white superiority even though blacks were no longer slaves. The Ku Klux Klan was formed for this purpose and because of it, the Force Bill had to be imposed to control the racist men (Doc I and H). The Force Bill sent in the military to control the KKK terrorization but was ultimately useless because the KKK had already fulfilled its purpose of intimating blacks (Example). Because of this intimating, it is no surprise that social change did not occur. Blacks, though yearning, still did not have the power to counter racist white efforts against them. Every effort the North made to pacify the South and/or to help the Blacks was blatantly rejected by the South. If the North declared one law, the South would find a loophole and thus the country was a mess of disunity and debate over Constitutional changes (?) (Doc. A and B). This tug-of-war is also anther reason for why no social changes resulted from constitutional changes from 1860 to 1877. Even if the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were wholeheartedly radical and revolutionary constitutional changes, social changes, never mind developments, were not in any way possible because of strong Southern resistance (Doc. G). Although the Radical Republicans purpose was to create aShow MoreRelatedHow Did The Radical Republican s Rise For The Failure Of The Post Civil War Reconstruction?1619 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestigation will explore the question: How did the Radical Republican’s rise to power contribute to the failure of the post-civil war reconstruction? The time between 1863, when Lincoln passed the ten percent act, until the year 1877, when reconstruction was officially ended, will be evaluated with information provided by the sources. The investigation will specifically look to how the Lincoln assassination allowed for the rise in the Radical Republican Party from 1866 to 1868 and the party’s effectRead MoreThe Broken Promise of Reconstruction the Need for Restitution5574 Words   |  23 Pagesthe enslaved Africans. It is unequivocally true that the enslaved peoples did not create nor did they benefit from this monstrous catastrophe. The other groups however, either benefited in a direct way or thought their social status was improved through the bacillus of racism. Exasperation however, was shared by all to some degree. The Northerners became progressively more dissatisfied with their impotence following the Revolution while the Southerners were increasingly anxious that the North wasRead MoreReconstruction : The Burning Years10732 Words   |  43 PagesDAN GORMAN [Opening Narration]: The following program contains strong language and disturbing thematic content. Listener discretion is advised. (beat) From — — — Productions: RECONSTRUCTION: THE BURNING YEARS. (Music) D.G.: Good evening. My name is Dan Gorman. Like many of you, I didn’t learn much about Reconstruction in high school. I had a wonderful teacher who did much to show the nuances of American history, such as the effects of states’ rights and slavery on the Civil War. Still, my teacherRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesbook Logical Reasoning by Bradley H. Dowden is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: (1) Attribution You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author, namely by citing his name, the book title, and the relevant page numbers (but not in any way that suggests that the book Logical Reasoning or its author

Accounting Financial Analysis Report Australian Government

Question: Discuss about the Report of Accounting Financial Analysis Report and Australian Government. Answer: Introduction: The Australian government has publicised an inclusive review of the Australian tax system in the 2008-2009 budget. It has been examined that the current tax system has created a proper tax structure to help the Australian government and the people in dealing with the social, environmental and economical challenges. As per the opinion of Alexander (2013), the tax-transfer system of Australia evaluates an international comparative perspective that demonstrates the distributional profile of Australia transfers. Adding to this, the study attempts to investigate the efficacy of the Australian tax transfer system related to the income inequility concept. However, the tax-transfer system of Australian government provides the assistance to the poorest households (Barkoczy Pinto, 2012). Hence, the thesis statement of the present essay reflects that the taxation policies in Autralia are relatively complicated, thus, the government experience discrepancies during its transition tenure. Furthermore, the scheme of the tax-transfer method, public expenditure and the existing taxation strategies creates direct influence in the distribution income amongst the Australian communal. Thus, it could be inferred that the statutory and functioning platforms of the taxation systems and the efforts of the human users to deal with the succeeding complexity is overreached in the existing context (Mangioni, 2014). The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the current tax and transfer architecture of Australia, which fails to deal effectively to achieve its primary goals and demands. The scholars also provide a future taxation system of Australia to meet the current challenges by enhancing the economical and social outcomes. Body: The tax control system of the Australian government is very complicated by nature as the people of Australia does not support the government by paying a fair amount of tax. The Australian tax office statistics indicate that the people of the country took the advantages of the PAY E (pay as you earn) module by minimising the tax rate (Mangioni, 2014). The higher income people took the deduction in the taxable income by investing the income in the private sector. It has been speculated that the lower income earners and the middle-income earners could not make any claimed in the taxable income as the people could not invest majorly. Considering the opinion of Hewson (2014), this kind of unfair circumstances has made the entire tax architecture ineffective and overburdened to the Australian government. Hence, the government has required adopting a set of policies to increase the sense of the higher income earners. Therefore, as per the opinion of the critics the government has to keep fo cused on the tax structure to improve the overall taxation progression of the community by making the tax structure more simple. It has been identified that the multinational firms of the Australia also take the advantage of the tax deduction, although, earning billion of dollars while operating in the country. Considering the words of Gordon (2014), the transfer tax system of Australia government is highly unusual as the tax distribution strategy of the country does not provide an equal opportunity both for the rich and poor people. Supporting this Freebairn (2012) added that the business industry of the country easily avoids the company tax, service tax and the good and production tax. This directly impacts on the economic efficiency of the country. The transfer tax system of the country has progressed with the basic payment of the people and the business units. According to the opinion of Alexander (2013), the government of Australia has to employ a more extensive system to increase the social support towards the government regarding the taxation issues. The Multinational Anti-Avoidance Law (MAAL) needs to be incorporated in the government rules for improving the tax collection process of the country (Barkoczy Pinto, 2012). It is expected that the MAAL initiative would be highly beneficial for the Australian government to improve the tax and transfer system. The Australian tax and transfer systems would togetherly affect the disposable income of the individual people and the business industry for the betterment of the Australian tax policies. In the circumference of the similar statement, Althaus et al. (2012) specified that the Australian Tax mix is marginally twisted towards the overall tax policy of the labour income and the accounting for approximately 40% of the increased revenue. It has been inferred that Taxes on capital income interprets for at least a third of revenue, however, taxes on the consumption excuse for a marginally more than the quarter. In the opinion of the Haffner Winters (2015), it could be perceived that at the Australian Government level the tax involvement is made from the labour is about 50% greater than the offerings from the taxes on capital and consumption. However, the income margin of the labours is relatively lower that the business entity. Thus, the tax share on the monthly wages of the labours is considerably greater that the income generated from the personal venture. Conversely, Lymer Oats (2007) asserted that at the level of state government, the tax contributions on the consumptio n and labour are unevenly similar, while tax on capital are approximately 50% higher. Thus, a huge fluctuation is found between the tax policies of the Australian Government and the State. Furthermore, Waller (2007) claimed that the companies and the individuals are necessitated to pay that taxes to al level of governments including, state, local and federal government. The income taxed has been the considerable form of tax in Australia that is saved by the federal government from the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). In the background of the current statement, Lymer Oats (2013) figured out that in 2014, Australian Government had experienced a budget deficit. The previous reports reflect that the spending figure of the Australian government is comparatively higher that its earnings. Thus, the regional debt percentage of the Australian governing body has increased (Haffner Winters, 2015). The statistics of Australian Tax Office forecast that at least 75 individuals bin the Australian region earned more than $1 million in the year 2011-12 but paid no income tax at all (Woellner et al. 2012). The specific group has found the tax deductions that gradually reduced the tax able incomes to a level underneath the income tax threshold. In total, the specific population had the pre-tax income of $195 million, yet managed to reduce the taxable income to a mere $82. According to Hogan (2012), each of the individual earns a figure of one million dollars, yet, received an average taxable income of at least $ 1.09. In the context of the previous statement, Creedy (2009) mentioned that the Government had introduced the PAYE (Pay As You Earn), where an individual is charged with a taxable amount as per its income. However, to simplify the taxation system, the government has regulated the policy where an individual is charged with a tax deduction in case of its further investment in the other purposeful sector. The conclusion shows that due to the low disposable income the middle-income group fails to invest a further amount from the earnings in the other sectors. However, the high-income group receives the additional benefits of the tax deduction. Therefore, the government experiences a huge loss, which directly leads to the budget deficit. In the similar context, Lymer Oats (2013) determined that reducing the taxable income hardly comes cheap. The Australian Tax Office statistics represents that the group of 75 people paid, on average, $860,000 each to manage the individual tax affairs. Thus, the maximum taxes are generated from the middle and the lower income group, which does come near to the total of the high-income group. The current analysis indicates that revenue raising in the tax and transfer system has to be concentrated by four efficient tax bases. In the opinion of Metcalf (2007), business income, personal income, private property income and the other financial rents from the regular resources and land would be the best proposal to rationalise the tax and transfer system of Australia. Supporting this Waller (2007) mentioned that other types taxes such as tobacco, alcohol and environmental costs, etc., have to be maintained by the Australian government in an efficient manner to address the social and environmental cost. The personal income tax in Australia would be the largest source for improving the government tax revenue (Haffner Winters, 2015). The income tax is a progressive tax that imposed that as per the income rises of people, the people would need to pay a larger percentage as a tax on the income. As per the opinion of Creedy (2009), the community from the higher income zone has invested a great amount of money to get the reduction in the tax payable amount. However, lower income community is paying the tax as per the income, since, these groups are incapable to invest a lot in the private property. Thus, the disparity in the taxation system has become fallen towards the government of Australia, which becomes as an overburdened situation. Therefore, the financial experts have suggested concentrating on the personal income statement and the personal property for the wealth tax to overcome the challenging situations. This kind of unfairness in tax system had been found by the US billionaire investor, Warren Buffett to mitigate the tax avoidance issues (Freebairn, 2012). Thus, the Buffet rule advised that the higher income earner has to pay higher income tax rationalise the tax transfer methods of Australia. The idea of the Buffet rule is charging the minimum average rate of tax on very high-income households by the total income. This applies to the income before the individual initiates the process of making the tax deductions. Continuing the last statement, Lymer Oats (2013) inferred that the high-income households are enabled to make huge deductions to decrease the taxable income to the low levels. Thus, the government needs to omit the tax reduction concept, which would automatically push the high-income group to pay the considerable amount of tax. According to Haffner Winters (2015), under the policies of Buffet rule, the high-income earner's pay are supposed to pay the best tax advisors to find the lucrative methods of tax reduction. However, the group would still be forced to pay 35% of the total income in the tax. This tends to reduce the advantage of the tax industry that is searching for the new tax loopholes and reducing the value to the high-income people from buying the kn owledge of the loopholes. The implementation of the Diverted Profit Tax (DPT) would help to ensure that the multinational brands are investing the a considerable figure of tax on the individual profits earned in the Australian region. It could be inferred that The Diverted Profits Tax would be commenced on 1 July 2017 and the purpose of the action is to enforce multinational organisations expending the artificial arrangements to limit the tax by averting the profits offshore (budget.gov.au, 2016). The DPT will automatically extend the scope of ATO's to recognise the popular multinationals looking forward to evade the tax by switching its profits out of the Australian region. Similarly, the tax rate of 40% will be charged by the MNCs especially on the transactions that would be caught with a penalty. Conclusion: The current study tends to evaluate on the discrepancies in the taxation policy that has lead the government to experience a sudden saturation in the budget based planning. However, lower income community is paying the tax as per the income, since, these groups are incapable of investing a lot in the private property. Thus, the disparity in the taxation system has become fallen towards the government of Australia, which becomes as an overburdened situation. It has been speculated that the lower income earners and the middle-income earners could not make any claimed in the taxable income as the people could not invest majorly. The study reflects that the Australian Government has introduced certain tax reduction policies for the betterment of the standard population. However, the higher income groups have utilised the advantage to a certain extent. Therefore, the government is looking forward to introducing the practical measures to resolve the existing tax related issues. References: Alexander, R. M. (2013). Tax transparency. Business Horizons, 56(5), 543549. Althaus, C., Bridgman, P., Davis, G. (2012). The Australian policy handbook. Australia: Independent Pub Group. Budget 2016-17 - making our tax system more sustainable (continued). Retrieved August 3, 2016, from https://budget.gov.au/2016-17/content/glossies/tax_super/html/tax_super-01.htm Cervi, B. (2013). Buisness focus: Corporate split-up leads to new union. Engineering Technology, 8(8), 2022. Creedy, J. (2009). Personal income taxation: From theory to policy. Australian Economic Review, 42(4), 496506. Freebairn, J. (2012). Personal income taxation. Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy, 31(1), 1823. Gordon, R. N. (2014). Making hedge funds more tax-efficient. The Journal of Wealth Management, 7(1), 7580. Haffner, M., Winters, S. (2015). Homeownership taxation in Flanders: Moving towards optimal taxation? International Journal of Housing Policy, 159-168(4), 118. Hewson, J. (2014). The politics of tax reform in Australia. Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, 1(3), 590599. Hogan, L. (2012). Non-renewable resource taxation: Policy reform in Australia*. Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 56(2), 244259. Lymer, A., Oats, L. (2007). Taxation - policy and practice 2007-2008: 2007-2008 (14th ed.). Birmingham: Fiscal Publications. Lymer, A., Oats, L. (2013). Taxation: Policy and practice: 2013/14 (20th ed.). Birmingham: Fiscal Publications. Mangioni, V. (2014). Emerging trends of state land tax and local government rate revenue in Australia. Pacific Rim Property Research Journal, 20(2), 145160. Metcalf, G. E. (2007). Federal tax policy towards energy. Tax Policy and the Economy, 21(4), 145184. Waller, V. (2007). The challenge of institutional integrity in responsive regulation: Field inspections by the Australian taxation office. Law Policy, 29(1), 6783. Woellner, Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Pinto, D. (2012). Australian taxation law 2012 (23rd ed.). Australia: CCH Australia.

How to Write Plagiarism-Free Academic Assignments

How to Write Plagiarism-Free Academic Assignments What is Plagiarism? Plagiarism is the enemy of originality. This is no more apparent than when writing academic assignments. The abundance of readily-available academic resources and sample assignments at the touch of a button has prompted a generation of academics to, at best, take a sloppy approach to their research process, and at best simply hit copy and paste before submitting their work. Taking credit for someone else's work is, in its most basic form, cheating. Those that blatantly copy someone else's work are only cheating themselves out of the valuable learning process. However, with original concepts becoming increasingly difficult to discover, and the abundance of readily-available information online, how do you write plagiarism-free academic assignments? Plan your Assignment As with any successful project one of the core ingredients is the planning process. Before undertaking the assignment it's important that you know and streamline all the points that you wish to cover. Research and identify all relevant information, and understand what you want to discuss. Planning is, arguably, the most important aspect of the entire process. An assignment without sufficient planning will become convoluted. Research all References Make sure that you comprehensively research all the references that you intend to use. Appropriate research will back up your argument. Those that haven't invested sufficient time researching and understanding their subject matter will, inevitably, write an ambiguous and unfocused assignment. Use multiple sources for any research. This will avoid both repetition and plagiarism. Make Use of Plagiarism Detectors There are a number of useful plagiarism detectors online. These websites are very useful, analysing your work and identifying passages that have been directly copied from online sources. It's not uncommon to include writings and studies from other people, however, these should be appropriately acknowledged and identified as such. There is a wealth of plagiarism tools available, if you don't want to get caught in the act then make use of them. Get Help from Professional Assignment Writers Professional assignment writers can assist you with any work you may be struggling with. They are extremely well versed in writing copy that is 100% plagiarism free. By following these five tips you can ensure that all of your work is submitted without suffering from plagiarism, whether intentional or not.

buy custom The Project Manager essay

buy custom The Project Manager essay Home building project needs a combination of efforts in order to accomplish the set goals. It should work with limited time or with a set deadline. The financial allocation should be done before the contractors hiring. Many specialists are involved in the construction, since different tasks must be implemented in this process. In this project, JK Inc got the home building contract, and because they can not work independently the need for outsourcing services from other companies is required. They need an electrician from LL VANCE Electric, a plummer/pipefitter from Claydon Plumbing, a constructor from LDJ Construction Company and HVAC from JCI. The work will be supervised by the Project Manager from JK Inc. The involvement of such professionals will ensure the continuation of work and its successful completion. These specialists have different skills and role to play in the construction (Ierley, 1999). JCI (HVAC) The cooling devices and temperature control in the building will be established by the HVAC. The devices for ventilation, air conditioner and air spaces need some area in the building. The HVAC should have relevant education and experience of such devices installation (Ierley, 1999). JK Inc (Project Manager) The Project Manager deals with the business connected with the project in order to get carried in an appropriate manner. This is a person in charge and he gives the instructions of what and when should be done. All project managers are skilled and experienced in the activity and work they perform. All companies screen an individual before employment in order to hire skillful employees. Project Manager should have an appropriate education in construction or an Engineering Degree plus a Postgraduate Diploma in Project Management. The Project Manager is responsible for coordinating and supervision of all activities during the home building process. The implementation of policies and procedures for other employees and work is doe by the Project Manager (Swenson, 1995). The Project Manager should possess leadership skills, problem-solving skills, written communication skills, organizing skills and interact interpersonally. The Project Manager should have Computer and Microsoft Office knowledge in order to prepare and save projects and work plan in the computer for easy operation. All these personal attributes of the Project Manager help the home building task to reach the success. All above mentioned skills enable a person to lead and give directives to other workers, but if the person is irresponsible, the task cannot be executed effectively (Ierley, 1999). JD Sprinkler CO (Landscaping) The landscaping professionals select the appropriate space and place to construct the house. They design the house and select the location for the construction considering the physical features which can cause insecurity of the building. The professionals should have four-year experience and a Diploma in Landscaping Engineering. They guarantee that the buildings will last for long, and no destruction can occur (Swenson, 1995). LDJ Construction Company (construction) The construction company has the mandate of providing the constructors and provision of labor during the building process. The casual worker should come from the construction company. Materials like bricks, cement, water must be supplied by the contractors and they have to be sure that the ratio of concrete is appropriate and meets the construction standards. The contractor should have a minimum of five-year experience and should have constructed a home and two commercial buildings. The workers of the contractor company should have a Diploma in Civil Engineering and possess the computer skills (Ierley, 1999). LL VANCE Electric (electrician) The contractor company will provide an electrician to implement the electrical servicess like wiring in the house. The electrician executes his work after the building has been completed, he installs the electrical cables in it. The electrician must have a Diploma in Electrical Engineering and a Registration Certificate to make sure the person is authorized by the government and is allowed to handle electrical issue. The electrician should have three-year experience in dealing with electrical wiring. Other skills required for the electrician include sound mind, computer literate, punctual, honest, excellent communication and written skills, should have a good command of written English. After the completion of wiring, the electrician will test the power and make sure the house has enough supply of electricity, and all rooms and compound have light (Ierley, 1999). Clayton Plumbing (Plummer/Pipefitter). The services of the plummer/pipefitter are required at the end after the building has been constructed. The fitting of pipes must be done along the wall, and the plummer provides these services. The house will need water pipes and sewage connection. The plummer should have five-year experience in this field and should have obtained a Certificate in Plumbing. Other skills can include sound mind, good communication skills and fluent in both written and communication English. The plummer will ensure enough water supply in the house and the sewage flow in the wash-rooms and kitchen. In case of sewage blockage, the plummer should offer free services for three years of unblocking the blocked pipes (Swenson, 1995). Conclusion All these professionals must be involved in order to make a permanent building which can not be destroyed by natural disaster. The contraction should be financed properly before the beginning because many buildings are contracted poorly due to lack of money to finance the project. The service providers should have relevant education and experience. This ensures high quality work and if professionals are well paid, they always make acceptable job. 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Relations and Modeling of GDP and House price index of USA Statistics Project

Relations and Modeling of GDP and House price index of USA - Statistics Project Example AS argued by Strawser, et al. (2014), the financial and the mortgage meltdown of 2007-2008, meant that the house price indexes were affected. This study attempts to shed some light on the relationship between the Housing Price Index (HPI) and the Gross Domestic Product of USA amidst all the economic variations since 1993-2009. While this study is limited by the realization that we cannot draw causal inferences without scientific experimentation, the research and data statistical significance suggests that a relationship exists. For valid causal conclusions, we need an experiment with both a control and conditioned group which would be difficult to stage. The data used in this report has been adopted from the GDP and other key economic reports, world economic outlook reports; IMF reports of 2008 among other economically related data that helped define the objective of the study. The readily available data sources on housing and GDP for the U.S. were investigated. The Bureau of Economic Analysis was the first and best source to get adjusted GDP numbers annually. The following hypothesis was pursued: The study pursued an overall or general objective of determining the relations and modeling of the GDP and the House price Index of USA. In order to perform this task, it was realized in the study that establishing a simple regression model linking the relations the GDP and the House price Index of USA would be very critical for the study to achieve its objective. In the process, errors in the model were tested so as to build another regression model. ARIMA model for both the GDP and the house prices index in the U.S. were used to determine the formula of the relationship between these two important economic variables. With the data, the U.S. house price indexes and the U.S.-Real GDP (in billions of dollars) were extracted from 1st January of 1993 to December the

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

HRM - Essay Example Most experts say that making proper job descriptions is a good starting point for companies like Crystal Waters Winery. The second phase revolves around effective retention, which involves adequate training where the employees are given room for personal growth and development. Training also has to follow a proper procedure otherwise training may become redundant and the company may not benefit from the training program (Fink, 1992). Crystal Water Winery has to understand that in order to remain competitive in the industry it will have to make a significant investment into its human capital. However, Jacques Terblanche has to ensure that investment is made in the right things. Introduction Crystal Waters Winery is expanding its operations and it wants to be able handle the additional workload that comes with this increase. To effectively manage all this, Crystal Waters Winery will have to hire more people in the HR, management, marketing and viticulture departments. However, they wil l have to go through various steps before actually hiring individuals. This process is known as Human Resource Planning. A human resource plan is a systematic process of matching the interests, skills and talents of individual community members with the long-term goals and economic opportunities in the community. The human resource plan brings out the long term strategic perspective of the organization and how it wishes to expand upon its repertoire within the relevant thick of things. It takes a keen look at the ways and means through which hiring mechanisms could be established and the numerous ways through which the organizational charter is manifested by the employees themselves. Among the various aspects that are covered by human resource planning the most important ones are: Determining the numbers to be employed at the new department/location Determining the functions of the current workforce Retention/promotion of current staff Removing any redundant functions / employees Fu ture outlook Human Resource Planning is important for every company when they want to be proactive and want to manage their human resources to take advantage of any opportunity in the future. The companies understand the organizational fluidity around skills held by the people. One of the major limitations of HRP is that it requires extensive information of the external labor market, data about current employees and how resources work in the organization. Crystal Waters Winery needs to understand the exact duties need that to be incorporated into the company’s operations and where it will get the human capital from. Through HRP Jacques Terblanche wants to find out how he can improve the performance of his company in the long run without drastically impacting profitability or sales. Demand planning is an integral starting point where the company must anticipate future demand for their product (Bertucci, 2006). Only if the demand is sustainable then it should start hiring new e mployees, if however the demand is declining then the management must focus on improvement and streamlining of the business processes. Job Analysis A good starting point for Jacques Terblanche would be to create an effective Job Analysis for all the positions for which he will be hiring. Job analysis is the study of competencies, and the emerging emphasis on considering other work-related about the work itself, the worker, the organization, and the

Impact Of Smuggling In The Philippines Economics Essay

Impact Of Smuggling In The Philippines Economics Essay Raymond Palatino (2008), reports The extent and impact of smuggling in the Philippines that Smuggling is a serious problem that hurts the country in many ways. It deprives government of revenues from uncollected taxes and customs duties. It affects local industries by distorting prices of commodities. Smuggling causes production slowdown, which leads to mass lay-offs, reduced consumer spending, bankruptcies, and lower tax collection. Smuggling has especially benefited from weak governance and chronic political instability. The author further added that when the government reduced the tariff rates on imported articles, many economists and merchants expected a decline in smuggling activities. They believed the tariff reduction would have discouraged illegal importation of goods since there will be fewer taxes to pay on the part of importers. But even with reduced tariff rates, smuggling persists up to this day. From used clothing to shoes, second-hand and luxury cars, agricultural products, garments, ceramic tiles and jewelries, cheap smuggled contraband are flooding the local market, which wipes out the earnings of small honest traders. The author compared the import-export data; Data show the disparity of import-export figures between the Philippines and its trading partners. In 2000, trading partners reported that they exported $45-billion worth of goods to the Philippines, but government figures registered only $34-billion worth of imports. This means that more than $10-billion worth of goods were unaccounted, undervalued or misdeclared. In 2002, China exported 3.9 million square meters of ceramic tiles to the Philippines, but only 600,000 square meters were recorded in the Bureau of Customs. The following year, 4 million square meters of ceramic tiles were exported to the Philippines, but only 300,000 square meters were recorded in the BOC. From January 2001 to June 2003, authorities confiscated a total of 1,517,387 bags of smuggled rice worth P1.18 billion. Since 2006, a total of 100,000 smuggled vehicles were shipped into Subic Bay Freeport. Last year (2007), 4 billion liters of oil were lost to smuggling. The author concluded that Smuggling clearly destroys the local economy and exacerbates poverty in the country as manifested by the closure of local industries, decline in agricultural production, uncompetitive agricultural products, loss of jobs, unfair competition, loss of government revenues, heightened corruption in the bureaucracy, and risks in consumer welfare. Milton Ayoki (2003), explained in his Paper The hidden costs of doing business in Uganda that the problem of smuggling has been particularly serious for goods like petroleum fuels, cigarettes, sugar and other highly taxed or potential revenue sectors such as steel, leather, wood, textiles, bicycles and chemicals as major deterrents. The author further added that apart from the huge revenue losses involved, smuggling is killing local businesses and causing great inequality and other effect is that illegally imported goods are steadily displacing some locally produced goods in the market place. This is adversely affecting both employment and profit margins in domestic industries. Luk Joossens (2003), written in his article Vietnam: smuggling adds value that Internal British American Tobacco (BAT) documents have been explicit about the knowledge of cigarette smuggling into Vietnam. 555 cigarettes is the major smuggled brand and there is no doubt it has a tremendous image and sales potential in the country. The author added that BAT documents describe in a detailed way the smuggling route for 555: cigarettes were produced in the UK, shipped to Singapore, sold to importers and traders in Cambodia, and then transported illegally across the border to Vietnam. Joossens argued that the industry has always claimed that smuggling is the result of taxes being too high. UNDP (1995) viewed the taxes on opium exports to the mainstay of Taliban income and their war economy. It revealed that Afghanistan-Pakistan drugs exports were earning some 50 billion rupees (US $ 1.35 billion) a year. Alongside the drug trade, the traditional Afghans smuggling trade through Pakistan and now the Gulf States, expanded under the Taliban, creating economic havoc for the neighboring states. This trade was estimated be the largest trade source of official revenue for the Taliban and generated an estimated US $ 3 billion annually for the afghan economy; UNDP disclosed that through the customs officials in Kandahar, Kabul and Herat refused to disclose their daily earnings, but with some 300 trucks a day passing through Jalalabad and Kabul to the north, daily earning were considerable. The illegal trade in consumer goods, food and fuel through Afghanistan crippled industries, reduced state revenues and created periodic food storages in all neighboring countries. The World Bank (1997) report on Afghanistan Pakistan Trade Relations as a part of its watching brief strategy for Afghanistan, accounts for the total trade between Afghanistan and Pakistan at $2.5 billion in which the unofficial re-export from Afghanistan to Pakistan has the loins share. The study assessed that the long and porous border between the two countries, the need for basic goods in Afghanistans warn-torn economy, weak border controls, high import tariffs in Pakistan on goods prone to smuggling and the low cost risks were important reasons behind the large and growing unofficial trade between the two countries. This report further added that there was an evidence of expansion of official and unofficial trade in locally produced goods between the two countries, which was likely to increase substantially if there was peace and post-war reconstruction in Afghanistan. In Pakistan, the imports competing industries have been harmed. The study also estimated that the government of Pakistan had been loosing substantial revenues due to tax evasion and fungibility of routes through which un-official imports enter the country. Rashid (1999) in his book Taliban, recorded that the smuggling trade to and from Afghanistan became the most devastating manifestation of the losses being sustained by the government of Pakistan during the Taliban regime. According to him, this trade, which now extends to central Asia, Iran and Persian Gulf, represented a crippling loss of revenues for all these countries, but particularly Pakistan, where local industry has been decimated by the smuggling of foreign goods. Rashid elaborates further, What is euphemistically called the afghan transit trade (ATT) has become the biggest smuggling racket in the world and has enmeshed the Taliban with Pakistani smugglers, transporters, drug barons, bureaucrats, politicians, police and army officers. This trade became the main source of official income for the Taliban even as it undermined the economies of neighboring states. Rashid also points out that the border post between Chaman, in Balochistan province, and Spin Boldak, in Afghanistan, is a prime location for watching the rackets at work. His estimates accounts for 300 trucks crossing from Afghanistan to Pakistan on a good day. The goods which these trucks carry, have no invoice and cross up to six international frontiers without having route permits, driving license or passports. The consignments on these trucks range from Japanese camcorders to English under-wear and Earl gray tea, China silk to American computer parts, Afghan heroin to Pakistani wheat and sugar, East European Kalashnikovs to Iranian petroleum and nobody pays custom duties or sales tax. Inter press service, a news agency (2001), found Indian drugs to have found ways to Pakistani markets, adding yet another dimension to the cross border illegal trade to and from Afghanistan. The agency named aspirin, Amoxiline, Ampiciline, Corimaxazole, Laxotanill, Cyprafloxine, Renitidine, Fametidine and Cemedtidine to be selling in prominent medicines shops of the province. The agency further disclosed that unlike the settled areas, where the sale of Indian drugs was banned and those found guilty of conduct were liable to severe penalties, the tribal areas were quite immune to such repercussions. Like all other duty free smuggled goods, Indian drugs were evaluated by the agency to be 10 times cheaper than the drugs of the same brand and effect, produced by multinational companies (MNCs) in Pakistan. Citing reasons for this price disparity, the agency added that unlike India, where the MNCs were bound to use raw materials from India, the government of Pakistan allowed them to import raw materials from their parent countries which entailed heavy tariff duties. Similarly, quoting the findings of international regional office for Asia and pacific, the agency counted 26 commonly consumed drugs to have very high prices in Pakistan as compared to India. The agency while discussing the transportation of drugs, revealed that along with other goods, Indian drugs were smuggled into Afghanistan, to Pakistans tribal areas and then finally to Peshawar. The report also disclosed that Afghanistan received thousands of US dollars worth of medicines, each month, from Indian, under a bilateral agreement, but some unscrupulous agencies in Kabul were apparently making huge profits from selling them in tribal areas. The report further discovered that due to the mutual collusion of the MNCs, health department functionaries, and other government officials, the measure of the government to import drugs from china, Bangladesh, Bulgaria, Poland and Yugoslavia to counter the smuggled and low priced Indian drugs, has miserably failed. Awan (2001) put the Pakistan bound transit goods to Afghanistan at Rs 14.97 billion during 1998-99. Prominent among these goods were safety razors, worth Rs 120 million, cosmetics Rs 150 million, minerals water, Rs 200 million, electronics worth Rs 300 million and telephone sets worth 160 million. The report pointed out that this trade, which has been conducted for the last 50 years, fetched billions of rupees to the tribal traders, related to the afghan counterparts and as much to the Pakistani customs and other law enforcing agencies, who facilitated this black trade. Awan also disclosed that previously, for decades, these Afghanistan bound transit goods were leaked into Pakistani markets before reaching Afghanistan. Owing to strict regulations imposed on the transit trade, it was very recently that the Afghanistan bound goods, at least, started crossing the border and then re-exported illegally to Pakistan. Awan pointed out that due to the high financial stakes of various interest groups, law, customs and state machinery have lost their efficacy. Keeping the adverse fall out of the abuse of afghan transit trade agreement on the industrial sector of Pakistan, Awan suggested that other neighboring countries with sea-coast should also shoulder the responsibility of transit facilities to Afghanistan. The News, in its march 2, 2002 issue, reported that there has been an unprecedented increase in the smuggling of tea, spices and other utilities, through the afghan transit trade, during the last two years. This rise has been attributed to the massive under-valuation of these items at the countrys dry ports, especially Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Quetta and in other cities, which were basically established for providing facilities to the local traders at their door steps. The report added that these smuggled items are now openly sold at the Jodia bazaar, the traders from various parts of the country have opened their offices, which deal exclusively in smuggled items, mostly tea and spices through Quetta dry port into the city the dry ports established in various parts of the country have become a major source of smuggling, mis-declaration, under-invoicing, tax evasion and theft, detrimental to the government treasury, it alleged. The repot revealed that since 1988, the smugglers switched to smuggling of eatable products as they found this proposition to be highly lucrative. The smuggling of items originates from Dubai, via port Bandar Abbas in Iran, to Afghanistan and ends up into Pakistan. Probing the matter, the report discovered five percent increase in the custom duty during the 2001 budget, plus the total tax increase of 70 percent, to be the main reasons for the rise in smuggling. Daily Aaj, on 16 July, 2009 reported that during the year 2008-09, eight hundred million kg of tea is smuggled into the country, only 4.9 million kg smuggled tea is less then from the total imported tea. This year government losses Rs 5 billion in shape of tax evasion due to smuggling of tea. Through reliable sources, Afghan Transit Trade (ATT) is the main source of tea smuggling in the country. The total import of tea was 10 million kg during the period of July 2007 to June 2008. This was imported in one year from Kenya about 53.9 % while in previous year that was 61% from the same country. Which was 7% dropped in tea imports.

Response to The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Response to "The Yellow Wallpaper" The woman behind this work of literature portrays the role of women in the society during that period of time. "The Yellow Wallpaper" written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is a well written story describing a woman who suffers from insanity and how she struggles to express her own thoughts and feelings. The author uses her own experience to criticize male domination of women during the nineteenth century. Although the story was written fifty years ago, "The Yellow Wallpaper" still brings a clear message how powerless women were during that time. Women were regard as a second class of people. They had neither legal right nor respect from their male counterparts. When the narrator's husband, John, a physician, placed the narrator in the horrid room with yellow wallpaper, and bed-rested, he claimed that he knew what is best for his wife. The narrator had no choice but to obey her husband since her brother, who was a male physician, was convinced by her husband's theory. "So I take phosphates of phosphites-whichever it is-and tonics, and air and exercise, and journeys, and am absolutely forbidden to "work" until I am well again" (pg277). Male domination is clearly seen here as the males claimed that their decision was always the right choice. "I thought it was a good time to talk, so I told him that I really was not gaining here, and that I wished he would take me away"(pg283). The narrator tried to convince her husband to change his treatment because she thought that her husband's prescription was not working for her, instead her husband asked her to go to sleep. Her husband's ignorance clearly shows that even the narrator herself had no power over her own health. She just simply said, "But ... ...perhaps to show John and Jennie that she was no longer weak like she used to be and was now free. In conclusion, the yellow wallpaper is a brilliant work literature of which depicts a woman as a permissive and controlled by her dominant husband. While women now enjoyed freedom and peace in a liberal nation like America, we must not forget in the impoverish states like Afghanistan or Pakistan, women are still being enclosed behind the bars of the "Yellow Wallpaper." They, just like in the past, have no right in their society and have no idea that women can actually enjoy the kind of freedom like their male counterparts. "The Yellow Wallpaper" does not only serve as a witness of what has happened in the past, it has also served the purpose of a reminder of what we must be doing in the future to bring freedom and rights to women all over the world. (779 words)

Syncretism

Religious syncretism exhibits blending of two or more religious belief systems into a new system, or the incorporation into a religious tradition of beliefs from unrelated traditions. In the case of Haitian Vodou, Vodou blends two or more religious beliefs into one system, therefore it can be characterized has syncretism. Vodou is a syncretic system derived from deeply rooted African beliefs and colonial French Catholicism. As a reaction to being torn violently from their roots, the slaves tried to resume their cultural and religious traditions.Ancestral spirits were invoked and celebrated in secret, far from the master's eyes. The worship of saints and the Catholic sacraments served as a screen and a support for African beliefs. The creation of a coherent belief system was extremely important in the development of a feeling of unity among the slaves which would provide them with a sense of self and community. The process of syncretization among the African religions helps to explain why Vodou found it relatively easy to accept and integrate parts of Christian religious belief and practice into the local religious activity.Resistance to conversion was met with terrible violence, so Africans already saddled with the horror of being a slave would also suffer extra depreciations because they wished to celebrate their native religion. A solution fell into place though, and this solution was nearly identical all across the Americas. The Africans would pretend to convert to Catholicism, and secretly continue their religious traditions under the guise of Christian worship. Catholic symbols, like the Eucharist and the Saints, came to have double meanings.Initially this integration was purely functional, providing a cover of legitimacy for religions that were severely proscribed. Naturally, most Africans did not want to leave behind their old traditions. But after a few generations a real syncretism became part of the duality of beliefs of the slaves themselves, who soo n found it possible to accommodate both religious systems. One way in which one can see clearly an example of syncretism is that Vodou recognizes a supreme deity and so does Catholicism.However, this god does not interact directly with humanity. Humans must rely on lesser celestial beings known as laws; and in Roman Catholicism humans must rely on lesser celestial beings known as angels and saints. These creatures might appear as gods, though they are more like helpers and messengers for the supreme creator. It was a simple matter of marrying the imagery of lwas with saints and angels. Then it was simple to go to Church and pray to St. Patrick to invoke Damballah, or pray to St. Anthony to invoke Legba.There was also no need to change the structure of the supreme deity. Vodou does not reject the idea that the Christian god is any different than their supreme deity. How did Haitian Vodou come to this point? Vodou’s evolution is marked by four major developments. The first one is the integration of African beliefs and practices around the dominant Fon religion. The second was the classification of gods and emergence of new ones. The third one was the synthesis of Catholic elements; and finally the fourth one was appropriating Amerindian religious symbols.The reason that the Fon beliefs became the dominant ones was for the simple fact that the Dahomean culture was the most populous. Vodou gained the majority of its deities from the Fon received from other African religions are the terms for gods (laws), mambos, the Congo word for priestess, and special deities lie Ogun, which absorbs the place of Gu in Dahomey. The classification for gods/laws changed over the time of Vodou’s development. At first it was classified according to African ethnic origins: Rada, Kongo, Nago, and Ibo.Later, with the emergence of new deities in Haiti two major categories of deities emerged: Rada and Petwo deities. The Rada deities originate from Africa while the Petwo deit ies originated in Haiti, but are still believed to visit from Africa (nan ginen). Synthesis of the Catholic faith with Vodou began with the Code Noir in 1685. This code outlawed all religions except for Catholicism. According to the Code Noir, slaves must be baptized. It stated that each slave’s acceptance into the church must be preceded by a period of religious instruction in the Catholic faith.This led to restrictions for the slaves. Some of these restrictions included slaves not being able to leave the plantation, prohibit slaves from night gathering, rituals, dances, etc. , and the sale of goats were prohibited. Three theories could explain what happened. The first one simply states that both fused together to make one. The second theory, symbiosis, explains that African elements and Catholic elements existed side by side as part of a mosaic, not having true fusion.The third theory, merely draped over the African dissimulation, states that Catholic elements of ritual wer e merely draped over the African ones in efforts to conceal traditional religious practices in an environment that was hostile to their survival. The last theory is what I think explains this scenario the best. Vodou is more closely related to African traditions than the Catholic faith; Vodou just used the Catholic faith as a disguise.I believe if the Catholic faith was not there, it Vodou could have still emerged under Islam or Judaism, but it would have been much harder since the two latter religions are not as universal as Catholicism. The final step in the development of Vodou is the synthesis of Amerindian religions. Symbols for Vodou originated here and not in Africa. Things like the asson, the sacred rattle of the priests, and the objects used in rituals. One can conclude that Vodou started as a religion from mainly three other religions, but now Vodou has evolved into a new and unique religion.

Divorce And Its Effect On Society - 1019 Words

Divorce has been on a rise in America since the past thirty years. Almost every person might be having a divorced member in its family. Divorce has been reported to be the major cause of suicide as well. Many factors lead to divorce, some of which are online dating, financial problems and physical abuse. In the ancient Roman Republic, a simple statement for divorce was sufficient for the dissolution of a marriage. Some local Church councils even had the equivalent of no-fault divorce, in which a couple was allowed to get divorced after swearing that ‘‘communal life has become impossible between us’’ or that ‘‘there is no charity according to God’’ in the marriage (Gies Gies, 1987, 56). Through most of the history, reasons of divorce†¦show more content†¦In ancient India, it was seen as an antisocial act if a couple fell in love before marriage. In seventeenth century Europe and America, Catholic theologians advised people to marry someone whom they could learn to love, but warned that after marriage too much love should be avoided, as it was a form of idolatry. In the present years, the reasons for divorce have somewhat changed. Nowadays, divorce is the effect of financial incompatibility, sexual and domestic violence, misunderstandings and differences in interests. Though in some undeveloped countries, couples still get divorced due to the inability of the woman to give birth to a male. Getting divorced by mutual consent is also very common these days. Reasons for marriage have also somewhat changed in the recent years. Nowadays, people marry each other for their personal satisfaction and because they love each other. Some people also marry to start a family. Now, marriage is taken as a relationship between two individuals which requires love, understanding and value, whereas earlier, couples thought of marriage as a necessity. This change, in the way people think, has reduced the number of divorces now, but since the past few years, divorce rates have gone up again. Online dating, which is very common in America is a major cause of divorce. People see each other online and figure out if they are best for each other or not. The